Article 7.2 of Spain's horizontal property law (Ley 49/1960, de 21 de julio, sobre Propiedad Horizontal), which governs blocks and communities of owners, allows a court to deprive a rule-breaker of the right to use their home for no more than three years. The measure can also be used against a flat's owner. The length depends on how serious the breach is and how much harm it has caused the community.
If the person is a tenant rather than the owner, the court can declare all their rights over the property permanently ended and order their immediate eviction (inmediato lanzamiento).
The grounds are an activity banned by the building's statutes (estatutos), one that damages the building, or one that falls under the general rules on activities described as "molestas, insalubres, nocivas, peligrosas o ilícitas" (annoying, unhealthy, harmful, dangerous or illegal). The ban applies to both owners and occupants (ocupantes). The rule is not limited to noise: it covers other behaviour that harms the building or seriously disrupts living together. The measure is not applied automatically after a complaint. A court procedure is required, and the activity must be shown to break the law.
The first step is for the president of the community of owners to demand that the person responsible stop the activity immediately. The president can do this on their own initiative or at the request of any owner or resident. The demand warns that legal action will follow if the breach continues.
If it does continue, the president can file an action for cessation (acción de cesación). This needs prior approval from an owners' meeting (junta de propietarios) called specifically to deal with the issue. Once the case is filed, a judge can order the activity to stop immediately as an interim measure, provided proof of a properly served demand (requerimiento fehaciente) and a certificate of the owners' meeting decision are presented. If the ruling goes in the community's favour, the judge can ban the activity permanently and award compensation for the damage caused.
The report does not say what deadlines apply to the president or to the court hearing, or what majority of votes is needed at the owners' meeting.